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Projects
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Goal: To provide insight into toxicological mechanisms of PM-induced cardiopulmonary effects, particularly as they relate to susceptible subpopulations; and generate toxicological data to directly correspond to epidemiology and exposure assessment data from concurrent studies being conducted at one of the project locations.
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Goal: To demonstrate that short-term concentrated ambient coarse PM (CAP) inhalation (1) triggers pro-vasoconstrictive vascular dysfunctions related to (mediated by) CV autonomic imbalance; and (2) that these responses occur in African American and White adults alike following exposure to both urban and rural coarse PM; and (3) to elucidate the constituents/sources responsible for the CV responses.. >> more
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This project has developed a multi-media training material (combining text, animation, pictures, and audio-visuals) on indoor air quality and asthma. The modules include the risk factors for asthma, a virtual home showing locations of asthma triggers, resource guide, and a home assessment tool. Questions are included at the end of some modules to test the grasp of material covered. A large report.. >> more
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Goal: To conduct a pilot study to demonstrate the feasibility of investigating the effect of concentrated ambient PM2.5 inhalation upon coronary vascular function determined by cardiac positron emission tomography.
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Goal: To quantify the collocated collection efficiency of the EPA modified SEAS II slurry sampler. To investigate the SEAS II collection efficiency of size segregated aerosols for use in source apportionment studies.
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We are conducting a detailed exposure assessment within an ongoing epidemiological cohort taking place in a Chinese agricultural region. Along with other measures of exposure, the study utilizes biomarkers of pesticides that are commonly used in both China and the U.S.
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Lead exposure poses a major environmental health problem in India. No direct studies have yet been performed in India to investigate the impact of lead exposure on outcomes such as neurobehavioral development. We propose to build upon a collaborative effort initiated during the proposed PI's work as a Senior Fulbright Scholar and work with colleagues at the Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research.. >> more
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This project examines the efficacy of air particulate filtration in the home for asthmatic children in Detroit.
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The goals of this project are to characterize the distribution of exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) population.
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This project examines the relationship between ambient and indoor exposure to diesel exhaust and other air pollutants and the response of children with asthma living in the Detroit area.
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This study will develop and evaluate a direct health indicator of pediatric asthma morbidity resulting from exposure to ambient air pollutants using an epidemiological approach that merges existing datasets and incorporates population susceptibility, exposure patterns, and other local conditions.
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The objectives of this study are to (1) determine the health status of the Durban South residents, with specific reference to respiratory health outcomes and other chronic diseases and to determine the relationship between environmental pollution, these health outcomes and the quality of life within this community, particularly among susceptible populations, and (2) to describe the range of ambient.. >> more
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Goal: To study the effect of PM2.5 pre-exposure on blood pressure and vascular function following angiotensin II infusion; and to investigate the role of vasoconstrictor mechanisms activated by ROS in response to PM2.5 pre-exposure.
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This project seeks to develop chemometric method to guide the development and allow the implementation of a miniaturized gas chromatography system for the detection of volatile organic chemicals in the workplace or general environment.
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The overall goal of this study is to use DNA-based molecular techniques to better understand the ecological structure of multi-species biofilm development within the human body. We will use biofilms formed in vivo in urinary catheters as our model system for studying this process.
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We are exploring the developmental toxicity of pesticides in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), which can be used as a model for the assessment of the early stages of development that are normally unobservable in humans.
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Exposure to metals, particularly lead, has been associated with the development of PD in a few but highly-suggestive studies. This topic has not yet been studied epidemiologically using state-of-the-art biological marker techniques for measuring metals exposure and accumulation.
Our research team has taken advantage of well-described, highly motivated and geographically convenient populations of PD.. >> more
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In this study we are utilizing questionnaire data and multiple biological exposure estimates among couples undergoing assisted reproduction to investigate associations between secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and female fertility, embryo development, and adverse birth outcomes.
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In June of 2004, we established a new Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research with support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences. Our Center addresses the concerns of a community living in the Tar Creek Superfund site of Oklahoma - an area highly contaminated by metals (lead, cadmium, iron, manganese,.. >> more
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Goal: To develop a PM2.5 extraction protocol suitable for in vitro mechanistic studies; to develop an in vitro assay of PM2.5 effect on respiratory epithelial cells; to determine variation in epithelial cellular responses by PM composition profile using sample filters collected at different geographic locations representing 8 different mixtures of PM2.5 emission sources and investigate interactive.. >> more
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The Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project is a group of epidemiologic birth cohort studies with the mission of investigating the influence of environmental toxicant exposures on the development and future health of the fetus and infant.
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Using the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model (USEtox), this project aims to recommended and interim characterisation factors for human health and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts. These developments that are essential for an improved comparative assessment of chemicals is carried out in direct collaboration with the model developers of CalTOX, IMPACT 2002, USES-LCA, BETR and EDIP.
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Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood in the United States. Many important triggers of asthma, including allergens and airborne particulate matter (PM), occur in the indoor environment. This intervention is a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of air filters (AFs) alone, and AFs together with air conditioners (ACs), to reduce indoor PM and improve health status of children.. >> more
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The health risks associated with long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking are still not well understood. Our research deals with the effects of arseninc exposure at elevated (in MIchigan) and high (Nadia Province, West Bengal, India) levels. The primary goal of the Michigan is to assess the effects of exposure to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water as a risk factor in the development of.. >> more
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We aim to estimate global health impacts of trade by linking three actors: the producers of goods, the consumers of the goods, and the population impacted by the pollution (producers, consumers or a third party). Exchanges through trade (embodied pollution content) and multi-media pollutant transfer are considered on a global scale.
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This project seeks to specify the optimal quantities and types of high-surface-area adsorbent materials for the u-preconcentrator/focuser (uPCF) module of the WIMS uGC, and to define the optimal operating conditions for the uPCF.
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The ability to raise mink in captivity makes them a particularly useful model in toxicology as quantitative exposure-response relationships can be derived. In 2004 our research team carried out a large-scale, methylmercury and selenomethionine feeding experiment on 96 captive mink at the Nova Scotia Agricultural College (Truro, Canada). Juvenile mink were exposed to ecologically relevant concentrations.. >> more
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Developing the analytical and measurement techniques necessary to estimate the atmospheric loading of mercury to sensitive, aquatic ecosystems.
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This multidisciplinary program is an initiative of the University of Coimbra (UC), bringing together faculty from Engineering, Economics, Architecture and other programs in the areas of energy and sustainable development. The program aims at transferring knowledge to society through interaction with policy makers, managers, and technicians in positions of responsibility throughout multiple sectors.. >> more
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In the vast majority of studies of microfabricated sensor arrays for analyses of volatile organic compounds (VOC) the sensors employed in the arrays operate on the same transduction principle. With most of these single-transducer (ST) arrays, a thin interfacial film of a sorptive polymer serves to reversibly concentrate vapors near the surface of each sensor. It stands to reason that arrays of transducers.. >> more
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The elucidation of mechanisms by which environmental chemicals modify uterine contractility using uterine smooth muscle cell cultures and and rat uterine strips suspended in muscle baths.
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This training grant addresses the need for occupational safety and health professionals who specialize in hazardous substances and provides training for students in Industrial Hygiene and Environmental Health Sciences, faculty development and course revision. Prof. Batterman is director of Hazardous Substances Academic Training Program component of ERC Center grant.
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The goals of this project are to design, fabricate, and evaluate the performance of a prototype MISI, assess performance relative to theoretical models of diffusional transport and adsorbent capacity for vapors commonly found as contaminants in indoor working environments, and interface the sampler with an array of microsensors to determine the feasibility of incorporating the MISI into a microanalytical.. >> more
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This project is upgrading the waste management and control program for hospital and medical waste in Mozambique, a part of the JHPIEGO Mozambique Program in infection prevention and controlIn health care settings, occupational exposure to blood and body fluids puts health care providers at risk of infection with blood-borne pathogens, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV... >> more
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This project first seeks to characterize the different redox environments that are established and maintained within the intact rat and mouse conceptus (embryo proper and associated extraembryonic membranes). Concentrations, redox potentials, and flux for redox couples that make up the major redox circuits such as glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG), cysteine (cys)/cystine (cySS), and thioredoxin-reduced.. >> more
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Antibiotic resistance is known to spread through person-to-person contact, but an environmental route of transmission may also be important in the current surge in antibiotic resistant infections. By mathematically modeling a person-environment-person pathway, we will provide insight into how antibiotic resistance emerges and is transported through the environment.
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In this project, we are coordinating a multidisciplinary group of faculty to: (1) Review the approaches used to evaluate and manage, hopefully in a sustainable manner, water-associated diseases. The review identifies some of the patterns and themes in the field, including unanticipated problems, complexity, and knowledge gaps; (2) Frames some of the issues, defines several key terms, and highlights.. >> more
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Our group conducted this study, the first ever to investigate associations between exposures to common ambient air pollutants and respiratory health status conducted among children in the South Durban industrial basin.
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This study is investigating associations between exposures to common ambient air pollutants and respiratory health status (symptom prevalences and pulmonary function measures) in children living in both industrialized and non-industrialized areas of a large metropolitan city in South Africa. The South Durban Industrial Basin is a residential-industrial complex which arose during an era of racist (apartheid).. >> more
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The University of Michigan Center for Occupational Health and Safety Engineering (COHSE), a NIOSH-funded Education and Research Center (ERC), provides comprehensive professional and research training in Industrial Hygiene (IH), Occupational Health Nursing (OHN), Occupational Safety Engineering and Ergonomics (OSE), Hazardous Substances Academic Training (HSAT), Occupational Epidemiology (OE), and Pilot.. >> more
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Our group has been continually funded by the Fogarty International Center since 1996 to strengthen capacity through training and research in Environmental and Occupational Health (EOH) in the 14-nation Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) region. The major strategy for sustainable capacity building is to leverage regional strengths in South Africa to support the development of academic research.. >> more
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Groups
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Leader: Craig Harris (Ph.D.)
Welcome to the laboratory research website of Dr. Craig Harris in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, at the University of Michigan.
The broad area of research interest in our laboratory involves studies to elucidate mechanisms of developmental toxicity and the mechanisms of developmental growth and differentiation that are controlled through redox.. >> more
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Leader: Stuart Batterman (Ph.D.)
Our teaching and research address a wide range of topics in occupational, indoor and environmental settings. Topics include exposure assessment (especially for particulate matter and volatile organic compounds or VOCs); emerging contaminants in occupational, ecological and environmental settings (e.g., brominated flame retardants); biological monitoring (e.g., blood, breath); air quality monitoring.. >> more
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Leader: J. Timothy Dvonch (Ph.D.)
Dr. Dvonch's work focuses on the exposure assessment, source identification, and health effects of air pollutants. He obtained a B.S. in Chemistry in 1992. In 1994, he earned an M.S. in Environmental Health Sciences, and subsequently a Ph.D. in Environmental Health Sciences in 1998. Dr. Dvonch collaborates on several large multi-disciplinary projects focused on environmental exposures and their related.. >> more
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Leader: Chuanwu Xi (Ph.D.)
Research in the Xi Lab mainly focuses on biofilms, water quality, and human health. We use molecular and genomic tools to understand molecular mechanisms of persistence and resistance of pathogens in natural, engineered and industrial environments; transmission routes of pathogens from environments to hosts; and their impacts on health of general public and industrial workers. We are particularly interested.. >> more
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Leader: Martin Philbert (Ph.D.)
Active research activities include experimental neuropathology, nitrocompound-induced encephalopathies, mitochondrial mechanisms in non-neuronal cell death, development of Nano-Optical Chemical Systems for in vivo physiology, and nanostructure-based imaging and treatment of tumors of malignant gliomas.
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Leader: John Meeker (Sc.D., C.I.H.)
There is growing evidence and concern that reproductive and developmental health is impacted by our surrounding environment. Well-designed, hypothesis-based human studies are greatly needed to explore these relationships and inform risk reduction strategies. Exposure assessment is a vital component in environmental epidemiologic studies, yet the details of measuring exposure and the appropriateness.. >> more
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Leader: Olivier Jolliet (Ph.D.)
The Impact and Risk Modeling (iMod) laboratory aims to provide the scientific knowledge for assessing environmental risks and impacts of chemicals and of innovative technologies, in order to:
(1) Model population-based exposure and multi-pathways intake fractions for outdoor and indoor chemical emissions
(2) Assess individual and population body burdens and risks using physiologically based pharmacokinetic/dynamic.. >> more
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Leader: Edward T. Zellers (Ph.D.)
The assessment of human exposure to complex mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals ranks among the most important global environmental health challenges. Our ability to meet evolving needs in this area relies critically on innovations in exposure science and technology. Advances that facilitate accurate, high-resolution measurements are integral to mankind's efforts to unravel the intricate.. >> more
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Leader: Rita Loch-Caruso (Ph.D.)
The Loch-Caruso Lab is interested in toxicants as potential risks for normal and timely childbirth. Working with cell, tissue and animal experimental models, our work focuses on mechanisms by which environmental chemical exposures modify cellular and physiological processess involved in parturition. Using multip-disciplinary approaches that span molecular biology to human subjects research, current.. >> more
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Leader: Peter Mancuso (Ph.D.)
Peter Mancuso is an interdisciplinary scientist whose research focuses on environmental factors that regulate pulmonary immune responses. He has used cellular, molecular and integrative biology to determine the impact of environmental influences such as obesity, malnutrition, and tobacco smoke exposure on alveolar macrophage and pulmonary innate immune responses to bacterial infection. He is a member.. >> more
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Leader: Jerome Nriagu (Ph.D., D.Sc.)
Prof. Nriagu's research and teaching programs center around three main issues: (i) sources, behavior, fate and effects of metals in the natural and contaminated environments; (ii) environmental justice and disproportionate exposure of communities to environmental pollutants; and (iii) environmental health problems in the developing countries. His work includes applied laboratory and field studies and.. >> more
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People from SPH
