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Projects
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The health risks associated with long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking are still not well understood. Our research deals with the effects of arseninc exposure at elevated (in MIchigan) and high (Nadia Province, West Bengal, India) levels. The primary goal of the Michigan is to assess the effects of exposure to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water as a risk factor in the development of.. >> more
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Goal: To investigate and quantify the sources contributing to atmospheric mercury deposition at four receptor sites in Illinois.
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Goal: To address the recommendations to States by USEPA regarding Mercury Reduction Programs, including: 1) identification of the potential air emission sources or source categories contributing to local and regional atmospheric mercury deposition, as well as, 2) the support of long-term atmospheric mercury monitoring networks, in Michigan.
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The overarching goal of this healthy homes project is to reduce the burdens of asthma and lead poisoning among low-income children in the City of Saginaw. The objectives of the project include (A) use a proactive screening tool developed by the investigators to identify households with the highest hazards for asthma and childhood lead poisoning; (B) screen children in the identified household for.. >> more
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The ability to raise mink in captivity makes them a particularly useful model in toxicology as quantitative exposure-response relationships can be derived. In 2004 our research team carried out a large-scale, methylmercury and selenomethionine feeding experiment on 96 captive mink at the Nova Scotia Agricultural College (Truro, Canada). Juvenile mink were exposed to ecologically relevant concentrations.. >> more
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Developing the analytical and measurement techniques necessary to estimate the atmospheric loading of mercury to sensitive, aquatic ecosystems.
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The significance and consequences of co-exposure to lead and Plasmodium have not been well researched. This project deals with lead poisoning as a co-factor for malaria among young children in Nigeria and other African countries where the two morbidities are pandemic. The principal goals include (a) determine the relationships between lead exposure and prevalence of childhood malaria in areas of Nigeria.. >> more
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The goal of this pilot project is to examine whether noise and lead have a joint effect on hearing threshold among community-residing elderly men. This study will implement a NIOSH generated job-exposure matrix to estimate historical noise exposure.
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The major goal is to evaluate effect modification by iron metabolism genes (HFE, TF C2, HMOX-1) in the associations between chronic lead exposure and age-related diseases (cardiac function, renal function, age-related cataract, hearing loss) in a community-based cohort (the Normative Aging Study).
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In a series of experiments on free-ranging wildlife we found significant correlations between the concentrations of brain mercury and levels/activities of several neurochemical receptors/enzymes. We have collected evidence from wild mink, river otters, common loons, bald eagles, and polar bears. These findings suggest that: 1) mercury is affecting neurochemical signaling in fish-eating wildlife;.. >> more
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The focus of this cooperative agreement is to establish an enhanced field monitoring site in eastern Ohio for investigating the impact of coal combustion on the chemistry, transport and deposition of mercury. Speciated atmospheric mercury and deposition data will be used for receptor modeling efforts to quantify the impacts of coal combustion at the site in the Ohio River Valley. The UMAQL has extensive.. >> more
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Goal: To investigate spatial gradients in the deposition of atmospheric mercury across south Florida; and to determine the sources and source locations contributing to the deposited mercury.
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Copper and most other metal ores are frequently found in association with high concentrations of crystalline silica. Respiratory diseases associated with silica exposures may include silicosis, silico-tuberculosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our group is investigating associations, among a cohort of active and retired copper miners, of exposure to respirable dust, and especially.. >> more
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Investigating the relative contribution of anthropogenic mercury emissions in Southeast Florida to the mercury burden in the Florida Everglades.
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Goal: To quantify the levels of speciated ambient Hg and Hg deposition (wet and dry) at two sites: Chicago, IL and Holland, MI; to investigate the transport, transformation and deposition of Hg from an urban source region to downwind receptor locations across southern Lake Michigan; to determine the spatial and temporal scales for speciated ambient Hg transport and chemistry downwind from an urban.. >> more
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Lead exposure poses a major environmental health problem in India. No direct studies have yet been performed in India to investigate the impact of lead exposure on outcomes such as neurobehavioral development. We propose to build upon a collaborative effort initiated during the proposed PI's work as a Senior Fulbright Scholar and work with colleagues at the Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research.. >> more
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Environmental parameters including temperature, light and nutrients have been associated with cyanobacterial growth, hazardous algal blooms (HABs) and toxin production in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Our understanding of the influence of other factors, such as trace metals, on the growth of toxic algal species and their toxins production is very limited. This project combines addresses the growing.. >> more
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Exposure to metals, particularly lead, has been associated with the development of PD in a few but highly-suggestive studies. This topic has not yet been studied epidemiologically using state-of-the-art biological marker techniques for measuring metals exposure and accumulation.
Our research team has taken advantage of well-described, highly motivated and geographically convenient populations of PD.. >> more
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This project explored the feasibility of a new technology for restoring and reclaiming contaminated Great Lakes sediments targeted for long-term storage as a way to isolate the hazard they pose from ongoing ecological damage.
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In June of 2004, we established a new Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research with support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences. Our Center addresses the concerns of a community living in the Tar Creek Superfund site of Oklahoma - an area highly contaminated by metals (lead, cadmium, iron, manganese,.. >> more
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The Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project is a group of epidemiologic birth cohort studies with the mission of investigating the influence of environmental toxicant exposures on the development and future health of the fetus and infant.
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The Normative Aging Study (NAS) is a longitudinal study of 2,280 healthy male volunteers begun in Boston in the 1960s. Beginning in 1991 with an NIEHS R01 grant to study the impact of environmental lead exposure on risk of hypertension (NIEHS R01 ES 05257; PI: Howard Hu), NAS participants were invited to undergo bone and blood lead measurements. This project and a series of successful competitive.. >> more
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This research program takes a holistic approach to understanding the sources and cycling of mercury in the Lake Superior Basin.
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Goal: To establish an enhanced monitoring and research field site located in areas affected by emissions from coal-fired utilities in eastern Ohio; to identify current chemical, elemental, and isotopic characteristics in the collected samples that distinguish the contribution of anthropogenic emissions from major source types, and local versus regional transport; to examine the structure and dynamics.. >> more
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For this research, task-based survey methods are used to define highly exposed trades, task variables associated with elevated exposures, and engineering and other control strategies to reduce exposures to welding fume (including manganese and hexavalent chromium), respirable silica dust, and other harmful agents encountered in construction.
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Investigating chemical exchange processes at the air-water interface.
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Creation of an adaptive multimedia model determining intake fractions at local (1km grid around the emission source), regional (200km grid within the continent of emission) and continental (world divided in continents) levels. Special emphasis is given to further develop modeling of exposure in the food chain linked to highest intake fractions and high level of uncertainties. This research builds up.. >> more
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This project first seeks to characterize the different redox environments that are established and maintained within the intact rat and mouse conceptus (embryo proper and associated extraembryonic membranes). Concentrations, redox potentials, and flux for redox couples that make up the major redox circuits such as glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG), cysteine (cys)/cystine (cySS), and thioredoxin-reduced.. >> more
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Antibiotic resistance is known to spread through person-to-person contact, but an environmental route of transmission may also be important in the current surge in antibiotic resistant infections. By mathematically modeling a person-environment-person pathway, we will provide insight into how antibiotic resistance emerges and is transported through the environment.
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Our group has been continually funded by the Fogarty International Center since 1996 to strengthen capacity through training and research in Environmental and Occupational Health (EOH) in the 14-nation Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) region. The major strategy for sustainable capacity building is to leverage regional strengths in South Africa to support the development of academic research.. >> more
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Using the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model (USEtox), this project aims to recommended and interim characterisation factors for human health and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts. These developments that are essential for an improved comparative assessment of chemicals is carried out in direct collaboration with the model developers of CalTOX, IMPACT 2002, USES-LCA, BETR and EDIP.
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Groups
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Leader: Sung Kyun Park (Sc.D., M.P.H.)
Sung Kyun is interested in health effects of air pollution and metals exposure in aging populations. He has been working on the associations between air pollution, lead and subclinical cardiovascular outcomes, such as heart rate variability and homocysteine, using the Normative Aging Study. Sung Kyun is working on age-related diseases, such as impairment in renal function, age-related cataract and.. >> more
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Leader: Howard Hu (M.D., M.P.H., Sc.D.)
The Mission of the Michigan Metals Epidemiology Research Group (MERG) is to gain new insights into the impacts of exposure to potentially toxic metals that are of critical importance to public health and medicine by applying multi-disciplinary and novel methods of exposure assessment, genetics, nutrition, psychosocial factors and clinical measurements in epidemiologic studies of human populations around.. >> more
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Leader: Jerome Nriagu (Ph.D., D.Sc.)
Prof. Nriagu's research and teaching programs center around three main issues: (i) sources, behavior, fate and effects of metals in the natural and contaminated environments; (ii) environmental justice and disproportionate exposure of communities to environmental pollutants; and (iii) environmental health problems in the developing countries. His work includes applied laboratory and field studies and.. >> more
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Leader: Gerald Keeler (Ph.D.)
The Air Quality Laboratory (AQL) presents a unique interdisciplinary approach to solving complex environmental problems, and for investigating fundamental scientific questions and processes. Research interests include the measurement and modeling of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), air pollution meteorology, whole ecosystem studies of the cycling of trace elements in the environment.
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Leader: J. Timothy Dvonch (Ph.D.)
Dr. Dvonch's work focuses on the exposure assessment, source identification, and health effects of air pollutants. He obtained a B.S. in Chemistry in 1992. In 1994, he earned an M.S. in Environmental Health Sciences, and subsequently a Ph.D. in Environmental Health Sciences in 1998. Dr. Dvonch collaborates on several large multi-disciplinary projects focused on environmental exposures and their related.. >> more
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Leader: Niladri Basu (Ph.D.)
The Ecotoxicology Laboratory's research lies at the interface of human, wildlife, and ecosystem health. Our mandate is to better understand how neurotoxic pollutants affect our health by using traditional and innovative techniques. An eco-translational approach is taken whereby exposure-response-susceptibility relationships are studied at multiple tiers of biological organization (test tube - laboratory.. >> more
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Leader: Thomas Robins (M.D., M.P.H.)
Our research, teaching and service address a wide range of issues in environmental and occupational health, both in Southern Africa and in United States. Most of our research studies involve primary exposure and health status data collection and characterization in large-scale longitudinal field studies. In our approach to research we emphasize community-based participatory methods, capacity strengthening,.. >> more
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Leader: John Meeker (Sc.D., C.I.H.)
There is growing evidence and concern that reproductive and developmental health is impacted by our surrounding environment. Well-designed, hypothesis-based human studies are greatly needed to explore these relationships and inform risk reduction strategies. Exposure assessment is a vital component in environmental epidemiologic studies, yet the details of measuring exposure and the appropriateness.. >> more
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Leader: Peter Mancuso (Ph.D.)
Peter Mancuso is an interdisciplinary scientist whose research focuses on environmental factors that regulate pulmonary immune responses. He has used cellular, molecular and integrative biology to determine the impact of environmental influences such as obesity, malnutrition, and tobacco smoke exposure on alveolar macrophage and pulmonary innate immune responses to bacterial infection. He is a member.. >> more
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People from SPH
