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Projects
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We aim to estimate global health impacts of trade by linking three actors: the producers of goods, the consumers of the goods, and the population impacted by the pollution (producers, consumers or a third party). Exchanges through trade (embodied pollution content) and multi-media pollutant transfer are considered on a global scale.
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The IMPACT 2002 model provides close to 1000 characterization factors for the midpoint categories human toxicity, aquatic ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity for the LCIA methodology IMPACT 2002+. The model is parameterised in a non-spatial and a spatial European model nested in a non-spatial world model, as well as a complete world model.
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Creation of an adaptive multimedia model determining intake fractions at local (1km grid around the emission source), regional (200km grid within the continent of emission) and continental (world divided in continents) levels. Special emphasis is given to further develop modeling of exposure in the food chain linked to highest intake fractions and high level of uncertainties. This research builds up.. >> more
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Goal: To establish an enhanced monitoring and research field site located in areas affected by emissions from coal-fired utilities in eastern Ohio; to identify current chemical, elemental, and isotopic characteristics in the collected samples that distinguish the contribution of anthropogenic emissions from major source types, and local versus regional transport; to examine the structure and dynamics.. >> more
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The focus of this cooperative agreement is to establish an enhanced field monitoring site in eastern Ohio for investigating the impact of coal combustion on the chemistry, transport and deposition of mercury. Speciated atmospheric mercury and deposition data will be used for receptor modeling efforts to quantify the impacts of coal combustion at the site in the Ohio River Valley. The UMAQL has extensive.. >> more
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This project develops a combined intake and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to complement the regression model of the University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study (http://www.sph.umich.edu/dioxin/) and establish causal relationships. This work constitutes an important step in refining and building confidence in the statistical model. It will increase the model's ability to inform.. >> more
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This project aims to explore and better understand the source-to-body fate, exposure and body distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and PAHs. PBDEs are considered emerging contaminants of great concern due to both their toxicity and the rapidly rising levels found in human and in the environment. The idea is to couple multimedia fate and exposure models with physiologically-based pharmacokinetic.. >> more
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Using the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model (USEtox), this project aims to recommended and interim characterisation factors for human health and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts. These developments that are essential for an improved comparative assessment of chemicals is carried out in direct collaboration with the model developers of CalTOX, IMPACT 2002, USES-LCA, BETR and EDIP.
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This project examines the efficacy of air particulate filtration in the home for asthmatic children in Detroit.
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The goals of this project are to characterize the distribution of exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) population.
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This project examines the relationship between ambient and indoor exposure to diesel exhaust and other air pollutants and the response of children with asthma living in the Detroit area.
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This study will develop and evaluate a direct health indicator of pediatric asthma morbidity resulting from exposure to ambient air pollutants using an epidemiological approach that merges existing datasets and incorporates population susceptibility, exposure patterns, and other local conditions.
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The objectives of this study are to (1) determine the health status of the Durban South residents, with specific reference to respiratory health outcomes and other chronic diseases and to determine the relationship between environmental pollution, these health outcomes and the quality of life within this community, particularly among susceptible populations, and (2) to describe the range of ambient.. >> more
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The major goal is to use environmental survey, laboratory experimental study and mathematic modeling to investigate the role of free DNA and biofilms in the spread of antibiotic resistance in surface water and drinking water.
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The overall goal of this study is to use DNA-based molecular techniques to better understand the ecological structure of multi-species biofilm development within the human body. We will use biofilms formed in vivo in urinary catheters as our model system for studying this process.
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We are exploring the developmental toxicity of pesticides in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), which can be used as a model for the assessment of the early stages of development that are normally unobservable in humans.
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Antibiotic resistance is known to spread through person-to-person contact, but an environmental route of transmission may also be important in the current surge in antibiotic resistant infections. By mathematically modeling a person-environment-person pathway, we will provide insight into how antibiotic resistance emerges and is transported through the environment.
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This project aim to model the fate of nanoparticle in the body, based on measured kinetics of different nanoparticles and using PBPK approaches. This project is carried out in strong interaction with Dr. Martin Philbert's team, using measured value of peeble kinetics in animals. It also develops a new framework and re;ated methods to assess the Life Cycle impacts and benefits of nanomaterials.
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The health risks associated with long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking are still not well understood. Our research deals with the effects of arseninc exposure at elevated (in MIchigan) and high (Nadia Province, West Bengal, India) levels. The primary goal of the Michigan is to assess the effects of exposure to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water as a risk factor in the development of.. >> more
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This project seeks to develop chemometric method to guide the development and allow the implementation of a miniaturized gas chromatography system for the detection of volatile organic chemicals in the workplace or general environment.
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This project seeks to specify the optimal quantities and types of high-surface-area adsorbent materials for the u-preconcentrator/focuser (uPCF) module of the WIMS uGC, and to define the optimal operating conditions for the uPCF.
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The ability to raise mink in captivity makes them a particularly useful model in toxicology as quantitative exposure-response relationships can be derived. In 2004 our research team carried out a large-scale, methylmercury and selenomethionine feeding experiment on 96 captive mink at the Nova Scotia Agricultural College (Truro, Canada). Juvenile mink were exposed to ecologically relevant concentrations.. >> more
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Developing the analytical and measurement techniques necessary to estimate the atmospheric loading of mercury to sensitive, aquatic ecosystems.
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Most anticipated applications of micro-analytical systems to environmental monitoring require detection of target compounds in the parts-per-billion or parts-per-trillion concentration range. Since detector technologies are not sensitive enough to achieve limits of detection in this range, it is necessary to employ a preconcentration step prior to separation and detection. The microfabricated adsorbent.. >> more
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This project has the objective of understanding the emissions and impacts of trace organic compounds associated with alternative fuels. It includes an experimental program designed to fill existing data gaps regarding toxic emissions, exposures and risks of biofuels, combined with a modeling/analysis program to explore large scale impacts, risks and policies
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The goals of this project are to design, fabricate, and evaluate the performance of a prototype MISI, assess performance relative to theoretical models of diffusional transport and adsorbent capacity for vapors commonly found as contaminants in indoor working environments, and interface the sampler with an array of microsensors to determine the feasibility of incorporating the MISI into a microanalytical.. >> more
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In most applications of microfabricated sensor arrays to multi-vapor analysis, the devices employed operate on the same transduction principle. It stands to reason that arrays incorporating sensors that operate on different transduction principles should enhance response diversity by probing different aspects of the vapor-interface interaction and, thereby, improve vapor discrimination. This study.. >> more
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Work in the seafood industry provides an excellent model for IgE mediated occupational asthma caused by exposure to high molecular weight substances. Our current investigation of occupational allergic conditions among seafood processing workers in the Western Cape of South Africa exposed to both crustaceans and bony fish entails a comprehensive approach including novel exposure characterization methods.. >> more
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Copper and most other metal ores are frequently found in association with high concentrations of crystalline silica. Respiratory diseases associated with silica exposures may include silicosis, silico-tuberculosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our group is investigating associations, among a cohort of active and retired copper miners, of exposure to respirable dust, and especially.. >> more
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The burden of childhood asthma disproportionately affects children living in poverty and in urban centers, many of whom are minority ethnic groups. For those living in urban environments with high traffic densities, there is increasing concern about potential adverse respiratory health effects of exposure to diesel and other vehicular exhaust. Epidemiologic studies have shown associations between.. >> more
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The Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project is a group of epidemiologic birth cohort studies with the mission of investigating the influence of environmental toxicant exposures on the development and future health of the fetus and infant.
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The Normative Aging Study (NAS) is a longitudinal study of 2,280 healthy male volunteers begun in Boston in the 1960s. Beginning in 1991 with an NIEHS R01 grant to study the impact of environmental lead exposure on risk of hypertension (NIEHS R01 ES 05257; PI: Howard Hu), NAS participants were invited to undergo bone and blood lead measurements. This project and a series of successful competitive.. >> more
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This study is investigating associations between exposures to common ambient air pollutants and respiratory health status (symptom prevalences and pulmonary function measures) in children living in both industrialized and non-industrialized areas of a large metropolitan city in South Africa. The South Durban Industrial Basin is a residential-industrial complex which arose during an era of racist (apartheid).. >> more
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Chemiresistor (CR) sensor arrays employing thiolate-monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (MPNs) as interfacial films are being developed for the selective detection of explosives and tagants. Hexafluoro-alcohol functionalized MPNs (HFA-MPNs) are being incorporated into CR arrays because of their affinity for the nitro-aromatic functionality present in many explosives. Composite films of HFA-MPNs.. >> more
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This research characterizes the distributions and determinants of air pollutant exposures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in representative urban populations along an urban/industrial gradient, and investigates microenvironments and other factors affecting exposures
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Groups
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Leader: Olivier Jolliet (Ph.D.)
The Impact and Risk Modeling (iMod) laboratory aims to provide the scientific knowledge for assessing environmental risks and impacts of chemicals and of innovative technologies, in order to:
(1) Model population-based exposure and multi-pathways intake fractions for outdoor and indoor chemical emissions
(2) Assess individual and population body burdens and risks using physiologically based pharmacokinetic/dynamic.. >> more
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Leader: J. Timothy Dvonch (Ph.D.)
Dr. Dvonch's work focuses on the exposure assessment, source identification, and health effects of air pollutants. He obtained a B.S. in Chemistry in 1992. In 1994, he earned an M.S. in Environmental Health Sciences, and subsequently a Ph.D. in Environmental Health Sciences in 1998. Dr. Dvonch collaborates on several large multi-disciplinary projects focused on environmental exposures and their related.. >> more
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Leader: Edward T. Zellers (Ph.D.)
The assessment of human exposure to complex mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals ranks among the most important global environmental health challenges. Our ability to meet evolving needs in this area relies critically on innovations in exposure science and technology. Advances that facilitate accurate, high-resolution measurements are integral to mankind's efforts to unravel the intricate.. >> more
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Leader: Gerald Keeler (Ph.D.)
The Air Quality Laboratory (AQL) presents a unique interdisciplinary approach to solving complex environmental problems, and for investigating fundamental scientific questions and processes. Research interests include the measurement and modeling of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), air pollution meteorology, whole ecosystem studies of the cycling of trace elements in the environment.
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Leader: Craig Harris (Ph.D.)
Welcome to the laboratory research website of Dr. Craig Harris in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, at the University of Michigan.
The broad area of research interest in our laboratory involves studies to elucidate mechanisms of developmental toxicity and the mechanisms of developmental growth and differentiation that are controlled through redox.. >> more
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Leader: Stuart Batterman (Ph.D.)
Our teaching and research address a wide range of topics in occupational, indoor and environmental settings. Topics include exposure assessment (especially for particulate matter and volatile organic compounds or VOCs); emerging contaminants in occupational, ecological and environmental settings (e.g., brominated flame retardants); biological monitoring (e.g., blood, breath); air quality monitoring.. >> more
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Leader: Rudy Richardson (Sc.D., D.A.B.T.)
The Richardson lab is concerned with understanding mechanisms of neurodegeneration or vascular disease mediated by age, genetics, and exposures to environmental agents. Knowledge gained about mechanisms is used to develop biomarkers or biosensors of exposure or disease and to enhance the process of risk assessment. We focus on examining interactions of small molecules with target proteins using kinetics.. >> more
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Leader: Rita Loch-Caruso (Ph.D.)
The Loch-Caruso Lab is interested in toxicants as potential risks for normal and timely childbirth. Working with cell, tissue and animal experimental models, our work focuses on mechanisms by which environmental chemical exposures modify cellular and physiological processess involved in parturition. Using multip-disciplinary approaches that span molecular biology to human subjects research, current.. >> more
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