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Projects
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This project seeks to develop chemometric method to guide the development and allow the implementation of a miniaturized gas chromatography system for the detection of volatile organic chemicals in the workplace or general environment.
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This research aims to better understand the emissions of PBDEs from residential buildings and to estimate emissions from urban sources into ambient air that may ultimately be deposited into the Great Lakes region
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The objective of this pilot research project is to improve breath monitoring instrumentation and to demonstrate its application to VOC mixtures in occupational settings
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The aim is to quantify partitioning of PBDEs into human placenta, extra-placental maternal/fetal membranes and umbilical cord blood in the general population.
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The goals of this project are to characterize the distribution of exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) population.
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This project aims to explore and better understand the source-to-body fate, exposure and body distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and PAHs. PBDEs are considered emerging contaminants of great concern due to both their toxicity and the rapidly rising levels found in human and in the environment. The idea is to couple multimedia fate and exposure models with physiologically-based pharmacokinetic.. >> more
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This partnership between UM and Centre for Environmental Chemistry in Obninsk, Russia will address the migration and impacts of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic region.
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This project is aimed at characterizing and controlling exposures at petroleum refineries in India, and will develop capacity for advanced methods at the National Institute of Occupational Health in Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad. Currently there are 17 oil refineries producing a total of 127 million tons per year of petroleum products in India. The single private sector facility - and the largest -- is.. >> more
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This pilot project is aimed at enhancing the vapor profiles of biofuels through volatilization, to understand the permeability of biofuel through different elastomers and to evaluate the respiratory exposure of employees in the biorefinery plants.
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This research aims to better understand the distribution of mobile BFRs in residential, commercial and industrial buildings and to estimate emissions from urban sources into ambient air that may ultimately be deposited into the Great Lakes region
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Exposure to metals, particularly lead, has been associated with the development of PD in a few but highly-suggestive studies. This topic has not yet been studied epidemiologically using state-of-the-art biological marker techniques for measuring metals exposure and accumulation.
Our research team has taken advantage of well-described, highly motivated and geographically convenient populations of PD.. >> more
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This project has the objective of understanding the emissions and impacts of trace organic compounds associated with alternative fuels. It includes an experimental program designed to fill existing data gaps regarding toxic emissions, exposures and risks of biofuels, combined with a modeling/analysis program to explore large scale impacts, risks and policies
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The objectives are to determine the mechanisms and downstream consequences of inflammatory responses in human gestational membranes exposed in vitro to environmental pollutants.
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The elucidation of mechanisms by which environmental chemicals modify uterine contractility using uterine smooth muscle cell cultures and and rat uterine strips suspended in muscle baths.
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The Normative Aging Study (NAS) is a longitudinal study of 2,280 healthy male volunteers begun in Boston in the 1960s. Beginning in 1991 with an NIEHS R01 grant to study the impact of environmental lead exposure on risk of hypertension (NIEHS R01 ES 05257; PI: Howard Hu), NAS participants were invited to undergo bone and blood lead measurements. This project and a series of successful competitive.. >> more
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This research characterizes the distributions and determinants of air pollutant exposures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in representative urban populations along an urban/industrial gradient, and investigates microenvironments and other factors affecting exposures
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We aim to estimate global health impacts of trade by linking three actors: the producers of goods, the consumers of the goods, and the population impacted by the pollution (producers, consumers or a third party). Exchanges through trade (embodied pollution content) and multi-media pollutant transfer are considered on a global scale.
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Goal: To provide insight into toxicological mechanisms of PM-induced cardiopulmonary effects, particularly as they relate to susceptible subpopulations; and generate toxicological data to directly correspond to epidemiology and exposure assessment data from concurrent studies being conducted at one of the project locations.
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With collaborators at Harvard School of Public Health, we are investigating the relationship between PCBs, phthalates, pesticides, and other agents and reproductive health in adult men.
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In June of 2004, we established a new Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research with support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences. Our Center addresses the concerns of a community living in the Tar Creek Superfund site of Oklahoma - an area highly contaminated by metals (lead, cadmium, iron, manganese,.. >> more
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Phthalates are common pollutants used as plasticizers in polyvinyl plastics, as fragrance stabilizers in personal care products, and as ingredients of coatings for pharmaceuticals and varnishes, among other uses. Recent studies by the US Centers for Disease Control show increasing and widespread exposure to phthalates in the US population.
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Cross-sectional study to determine whether Michigan residents living on or near soils contaminated with dioxins, furans and PCBs experience increased exposure.
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Investigating chemical exchange processes at the air-water interface.
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The health risks associated with long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking are still not well understood. Our research deals with the effects of arseninc exposure at elevated (in MIchigan) and high (Nadia Province, West Bengal, India) levels. The primary goal of the Michigan is to assess the effects of exposure to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water as a risk factor in the development of.. >> more
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This project is aimed at adapting a high-performance prototype portable gas chromatograph (GC) to the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled human breath. The instrument incorporates a detector consisting of an integrated array of chemiresistors (CR) coated with functionalized nanoparticles that respond differentially to sorbed vapors to produce a response pattern that aids in vapor.. >> more
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The "South End" neighborhood in Dearborn, one of the most polluted areas of Michigan, serves as an immigrant reception area for a low-income, predominantly Arab American population. The focus of this study is to assess the exposures of the Arab American population, especially in this area, to environmental contaminants in their home and neighborhood. Specific aims of the project include: (I). Create.. >> more
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Thousands of different chemicals are released into our environment but few risk assessment tools are available to rapidly assess their potential to cause harm. Based on the premise that neurochemical changes precede overt neurotoxicity, our main objective is: to develop, validate, and use a practical in vitro/in vivo biomarker platform to screen the early effects of high-priority emerging contaminants.. >> more
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The significance and consequences of co-exposure to lead and Plasmodium have not been well researched. This project deals with lead poisoning as a co-factor for malaria among young children in Nigeria and other African countries where the two morbidities are pandemic. The principal goals include (a) determine the relationships between lead exposure and prevalence of childhood malaria in areas of Nigeria.. >> more
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In the vast majority of studies of microfabricated sensor arrays for analyses of volatile organic compounds (VOC) the sensors employed in the arrays operate on the same transduction principle. With most of these single-transducer (ST) arrays, a thin interfacial film of a sorptive polymer serves to reversibly concentrate vapors near the surface of each sensor. It stands to reason that arrays of transducers.. >> more
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The goals of this project are to design, fabricate, and evaluate the performance of a prototype MISI, assess performance relative to theoretical models of diffusional transport and adsorbent capacity for vapors commonly found as contaminants in indoor working environments, and interface the sampler with an array of microsensors to determine the feasibility of incorporating the MISI into a microanalytical.. >> more
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Creation of an adaptive multimedia model determining intake fractions at local (1km grid around the emission source), regional (200km grid within the continent of emission) and continental (world divided in continents) levels. Special emphasis is given to further develop modeling of exposure in the food chain linked to highest intake fractions and high level of uncertainties. This research builds up.. >> more
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This project develops a combined intake and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to complement the regression model of the University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study (http://www.sph.umich.edu/dioxin/) and establish causal relationships. This work constitutes an important step in refining and building confidence in the statistical model. It will increase the model's ability to inform.. >> more
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Investigating the relative contribution of anthropogenic mercury emissions in Southeast Florida to the mercury burden in the Florida Everglades.
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Antibiotic resistance is known to spread through person-to-person contact, but an environmental route of transmission may also be important in the current surge in antibiotic resistant infections. By mathematically modeling a person-environment-person pathway, we will provide insight into how antibiotic resistance emerges and is transported through the environment.
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In this project, we are coordinating a multidisciplinary group of faculty to: (1) Review the approaches used to evaluate and manage, hopefully in a sustainable manner, water-associated diseases. The review identifies some of the patterns and themes in the field, including unanticipated problems, complexity, and knowledge gaps; (2) Frames some of the issues, defines several key terms, and highlights.. >> more
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This study will develop and evaluate a direct health indicator of pediatric asthma morbidity resulting from exposure to ambient air pollutants using an epidemiological approach that merges existing datasets and incorporates population susceptibility, exposure patterns, and other local conditions.
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The Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project is a group of epidemiologic birth cohort studies with the mission of investigating the influence of environmental toxicant exposures on the development and future health of the fetus and infant.
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The objectives of this study are to (1) determine the health status of the Durban South residents, with specific reference to respiratory health outcomes and other chronic diseases and to determine the relationship between environmental pollution, these health outcomes and the quality of life within this community, particularly among susceptible populations, and (2) to describe the range of ambient.. >> more
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Our group conducted this study, the first ever to investigate associations between exposures to common ambient air pollutants and respiratory health status conducted among children in the South Durban industrial basin.
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Using the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model (USEtox), this project aims to recommended and interim characterisation factors for human health and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts. These developments that are essential for an improved comparative assessment of chemicals is carried out in direct collaboration with the model developers of CalTOX, IMPACT 2002, USES-LCA, BETR and EDIP.
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Groups
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Leader: Stuart Batterman (Ph.D.)
Our teaching and research address a wide range of topics in occupational, indoor and environmental settings. Topics include exposure assessment (especially for particulate matter and volatile organic compounds or VOCs); emerging contaminants in occupational, ecological and environmental settings (e.g., brominated flame retardants); biological monitoring (e.g., blood, breath); air quality monitoring.. >> more
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Leader: Edward T. Zellers (Ph.D.)
The assessment of human exposure to complex mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals ranks among the most important global environmental health challenges. Our ability to meet evolving needs in this area relies critically on innovations in exposure science and technology. Advances that facilitate accurate, high-resolution measurements are integral to mankind's efforts to unravel the intricate.. >> more
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Leader: Howard Hu (M.D., M.P.H., Sc.D.)
The Mission of the Michigan Metals Epidemiology Research Group (MERG) is to gain new insights into the impacts of exposure to potentially toxic metals that are of critical importance to public health and medicine by applying multi-disciplinary and novel methods of exposure assessment, genetics, nutrition, psychosocial factors and clinical measurements in epidemiologic studies of human populations around.. >> more
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Leader: David H. Garabrant (M.D., M.P.H.)
Professor Garabrant is a physician who has conducted research in occupational and environmental epidemiology for the past 25 years. He is board certified in internal medicine, occupational medicine, and preventive medicine. Since joining the faculty at the University of Michigan in 1988, he has served as Director of the Occupational Medicine Program, Director of the Occupational Health Program, Director.. >> more
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Leader: Craig Harris (Ph.D.)
Welcome to the laboratory research website of Dr. Craig Harris in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, at the University of Michigan.
The broad area of research interest in our laboratory involves studies to elucidate mechanisms of developmental toxicity and the mechanisms of developmental growth and differentiation that are controlled through redox.. >> more
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Leader: Sung Kyun Park (Sc.D., M.P.H.)
Sung Kyun is interested in health effects of air pollution and metals exposure in aging populations. He has been working on the associations between air pollution, lead and subclinical cardiovascular outcomes, such as heart rate variability and homocysteine, using the Normative Aging Study. Sung Kyun is working on age-related diseases, such as impairment in renal function, age-related cataract and.. >> more
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Leader: J. Timothy Dvonch (Ph.D.)
Dr. Dvonch's work focuses on the exposure assessment, source identification, and health effects of air pollutants. He obtained a B.S. in Chemistry in 1992. In 1994, he earned an M.S. in Environmental Health Sciences, and subsequently a Ph.D. in Environmental Health Sciences in 1998. Dr. Dvonch collaborates on several large multi-disciplinary projects focused on environmental exposures and their related.. >> more
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Leader: John Meeker (Sc.D., C.I.H.)
There is growing evidence and concern that reproductive and developmental health is impacted by our surrounding environment. Well-designed, hypothesis-based human studies are greatly needed to explore these relationships and inform risk reduction strategies. Exposure assessment is a vital component in environmental epidemiologic studies, yet the details of measuring exposure and the appropriateness.. >> more
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Leader: Olivier Jolliet (Ph.D.)
The Impact and Risk Modeling (iMod) laboratory aims to provide the scientific knowledge for assessing environmental risks and impacts of chemicals and of innovative technologies, in order to:
(1) Model population-based exposure and multi-pathways intake fractions for outdoor and indoor chemical emissions
(2) Assess individual and population body burdens and risks using physiologically based pharmacokinetic/dynamic.. >> more
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Leader: Rita Loch-Caruso (Ph.D.)
The Loch-Caruso Lab is interested in toxicants as potential risks for normal and timely childbirth. Working with cell, tissue and animal experimental models, our work focuses on mechanisms by which environmental chemical exposures modify cellular and physiological processess involved in parturition. Using multip-disciplinary approaches that span molecular biology to human subjects research, current.. >> more
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People from SPH
