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Projects
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We aim to estimate global health impacts of trade by linking three actors: the producers of goods, the consumers of the goods, and the population impacted by the pollution (producers, consumers or a third party). Exchanges through trade (embodied pollution content) and multi-media pollutant transfer are considered on a global scale.
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Goal: To investigate and quantify the sources contributing to atmospheric mercury deposition at four receptor sites in Illinois.
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The "South End" neighborhood in Dearborn, one of the most polluted areas of Michigan, serves as an immigrant reception area for a low-income, predominantly Arab American population. The focus of this study is to assess the exposures of the Arab American population, especially in this area, to environmental contaminants in their home and neighborhood. Specific aims of the project include: (I). Create.. >> more
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Most anticipated applications of micro-analytical systems to environmental monitoring require detection of target compounds in the parts-per-billion or parts-per-trillion concentration range. Since detector technologies are not sensitive enough to achieve limits of detection in this range, it is necessary to employ a preconcentration step prior to separation and detection. The microfabricated adsorbent.. >> more
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This project has the objective of understanding the emissions and impacts of trace organic compounds associated with alternative fuels. It includes an experimental program designed to fill existing data gaps regarding toxic emissions, exposures and risks of biofuels, combined with a modeling/analysis program to explore large scale impacts, risks and policies
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IMPACT 2002+ provides characterization factors for more than 1000 LCI results. This methodology is currently implemented into the database ecoinvent.
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The IMPACT 2002 model provides close to 1000 characterization factors for the midpoint categories human toxicity, aquatic ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity for the LCIA methodology IMPACT 2002+. The model is parameterised in a non-spatial and a spatial European model nested in a non-spatial world model, as well as a complete world model.
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This project aims to explore and better understand the source-to-body fate, exposure and body distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and PAHs. PBDEs are considered emerging contaminants of great concern due to both their toxicity and the rapidly rising levels found in human and in the environment. The idea is to couple multimedia fate and exposure models with physiologically-based pharmacokinetic.. >> more
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This partnership between UM and Centre for Environmental Chemistry in Obninsk, Russia will address the migration and impacts of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic region.
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The objectives of this study are to (1) determine the health status of the Durban South residents, with specific reference to respiratory health outcomes and other chronic diseases and to determine the relationship between environmental pollution, these health outcomes and the quality of life within this community, particularly among susceptible populations, and (2) to describe the range of ambient.. >> more
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This project aim to model the fate of nanoparticle in the body, based on measured kinetics of different nanoparticles and using PBPK approaches. This project is carried out in strong interaction with Dr. Martin Philbert's team, using measured value of peeble kinetics in animals. It also develops a new framework and re;ated methods to assess the Life Cycle impacts and benefits of nanomaterials.
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This project has developed a multi-media training material (combining text, animation, pictures, and audio-visuals) on indoor air quality and asthma. The modules include the risk factors for asthma, a virtual home showing locations of asthma triggers, resource guide, and a home assessment tool. Questions are included at the end of some modules to test the grasp of material covered. A large report.. >> more
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This multidisciplinary program is an initiative of the University of Coimbra (UC), bringing together faculty from Engineering, Economics, Architecture and other programs in the areas of energy and sustainable development. The program aims at transferring knowledge to society through interaction with policy makers, managers, and technicians in positions of responsibility throughout multiple sectors.. >> more
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This work considers a new class of materials known as engineered cementitious composites (ECC) that can enhance the sustainability of bridge, road and pipe infrastructure. It explores impacts on sustainability performance of concrete replacement with ECC, material sourcing alternatives (e.g., superquarries vs. smaller mines), and location of infrastructure projects (e.g., urban vs. rural, and U.S... >> more
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This research characterizes the distributions and determinants of air pollutant exposures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in representative urban populations along an urban/industrial gradient, and investigates microenvironments and other factors affecting exposures
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Cohort mortality study of automotive manufacturing workers examining the risks related to machining fluids and petroleum oils, welding fumes, and various other exposures.
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Goal: To assess community member's perceptions of the built environment in Detroit, MI and its impact on prevention of cardiovascular disease; to assess community member's perceptions and knowledge about the built environment and impact on physical activity, dietary practices, and obesity; to design and implement a pilot study around potentially modifiable aspects of the built environment to improve.. >> more
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The present proposal aims at characterising the human toxicity effects of aluminium-based products in order to improve the reliability of their life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). The present-project aims to develop a detailed case study, applying present LCIA methods to an Aluminium-based product and identifying LCIA weaknesses that need further improvement. It will subsequently propose a framework.. >> more
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Creation of an adaptive multimedia model determining intake fractions at local (1km grid around the emission source), regional (200km grid within the continent of emission) and continental (world divided in continents) levels. Special emphasis is given to further develop modeling of exposure in the food chain linked to highest intake fractions and high level of uncertainties. This research builds up.. >> more
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Goal: To establish an enhanced monitoring and research field site located in areas affected by emissions from coal-fired utilities in eastern Ohio; to identify current chemical, elemental, and isotopic characteristics in the collected samples that distinguish the contribution of anthropogenic emissions from major source types, and local versus regional transport; to examine the structure and dynamics.. >> more
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The focus of this cooperative agreement is to establish an enhanced field monitoring site in eastern Ohio for investigating the impact of coal combustion on the chemistry, transport and deposition of mercury. Speciated atmospheric mercury and deposition data will be used for receptor modeling efforts to quantify the impacts of coal combustion at the site in the Ohio River Valley. The UMAQL has extensive.. >> more
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This project develops a combined intake and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to complement the regression model of the University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study (http://www.sph.umich.edu/dioxin/) and establish causal relationships. This work constitutes an important step in refining and building confidence in the statistical model. It will increase the model's ability to inform.. >> more
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The Normative Aging Study (NAS) is a longitudinal study of 2,280 healthy male volunteers begun in Boston in the 1960s. Beginning in 1991 with an NIEHS R01 grant to study the impact of environmental lead exposure on risk of hypertension (NIEHS R01 ES 05257; PI: Howard Hu), NAS participants were invited to undergo bone and blood lead measurements. This project and a series of successful competitive.. >> more
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Lead exposure poses a major environmental health problem in India. No direct studies have yet been performed in India to investigate the impact of lead exposure on outcomes such as neurobehavioral development. We propose to build upon a collaborative effort initiated during the proposed PI's work as a Senior Fulbright Scholar and work with colleagues at the Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research.. >> more
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Uncertainty information is essential for the proper use of LCA in decision making. So far, parameter uncertainty propagation has mainly been studied using Monte-Carlo techniques that are relatively heavy to implement. The consequence is that uncertainty estimates have often been limited to either the inventory part of the analysis or the impact assessment part, very rarely covering the whole LCA. The.. >> more
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Using the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model (USEtox), this project aims to recommended and interim characterisation factors for human health and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts. These developments that are essential for an improved comparative assessment of chemicals is carried out in direct collaboration with the model developers of CalTOX, IMPACT 2002, USES-LCA, BETR and EDIP.
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The health risks associated with long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking are still not well understood. Our research deals with the effects of arseninc exposure at elevated (in MIchigan) and high (Nadia Province, West Bengal, India) levels. The primary goal of the Michigan is to assess the effects of exposure to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water as a risk factor in the development of.. >> more
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The main objective is to characterize human gestational membrane cell and tissue culture systems for the study of toxicant-stimulated inflammatory responses.
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The overarching goal of this healthy homes project is to reduce the burdens of asthma and lead poisoning among low-income children in the City of Saginaw. The objectives of the project include (A) use a proactive screening tool developed by the investigators to identify households with the highest hazards for asthma and childhood lead poisoning; (B) screen children in the identified household for.. >> more
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Developing the analytical and measurement techniques necessary to estimate the atmospheric loading of mercury to sensitive, aquatic ecosystems.
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Exposure to metals, particularly lead, has been associated with the development of PD in a few but highly-suggestive studies. This topic has not yet been studied epidemiologically using state-of-the-art biological marker techniques for measuring metals exposure and accumulation.
Our research team has taken advantage of well-described, highly motivated and geographically convenient populations of PD.. >> more
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Thousands of different chemicals are released into our environment but few risk assessment tools are available to rapidly assess their potential to cause harm. Based on the premise that neurochemical changes precede overt neurotoxicity, our main objective is: to develop, validate, and use a practical in vitro/in vivo biomarker platform to screen the early effects of high-priority emerging contaminants.. >> more
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This training grant addresses the need for occupational safety and health professionals who specialize in hazardous substances and provides training for students in Industrial Hygiene and Environmental Health Sciences, faculty development and course revision. Prof. Batterman is director of Hazardous Substances Academic Training Program component of ERC Center grant.
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This project is upgrading the waste management and control program for hospital and medical waste in Mozambique, a part of the JHPIEGO Mozambique Program in infection prevention and controlIn health care settings, occupational exposure to blood and body fluids puts health care providers at risk of infection with blood-borne pathogens, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV... >> more
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The effects of coal dust exposure on the respiratory tract are complex. Long term work as a coal miner at relatively high exposures has been associated with the risk for pneumoconiotic X ray changes which may be accompanied by a restrictive pattern of pulmonary function. In addition, at perhaps lower exposures, coal mining is associated with chronic bronchitis and obstructive PFT changes. We conducted.. >> more
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Investigating the relative contribution of anthropogenic mercury emissions in Southeast Florida to the mercury burden in the Florida Everglades.
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Antibiotic resistance is known to spread through person-to-person contact, but an environmental route of transmission may also be important in the current surge in antibiotic resistant infections. By mathematically modeling a person-environment-person pathway, we will provide insight into how antibiotic resistance emerges and is transported through the environment.
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In this project, we are coordinating a multidisciplinary group of faculty to: (1) Review the approaches used to evaluate and manage, hopefully in a sustainable manner, water-associated diseases. The review identifies some of the patterns and themes in the field, including unanticipated problems, complexity, and knowledge gaps; (2) Frames some of the issues, defines several key terms, and highlights.. >> more
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The Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project is a group of epidemiologic birth cohort studies with the mission of investigating the influence of environmental toxicant exposures on the development and future health of the fetus and infant.
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Our group has been continually funded by the Fogarty International Center since 1996 to strengthen capacity through training and research in Environmental and Occupational Health (EOH) in the 14-nation Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) region. The major strategy for sustainable capacity building is to leverage regional strengths in South Africa to support the development of academic research.. >> more
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Groups
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Leader: Stuart Batterman (Ph.D.)
Our teaching and research address a wide range of topics in occupational, indoor and environmental settings. Topics include exposure assessment (especially for particulate matter and volatile organic compounds or VOCs); emerging contaminants in occupational, ecological and environmental settings (e.g., brominated flame retardants); biological monitoring (e.g., blood, breath); air quality monitoring.. >> more
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Leader: Olivier Jolliet (Ph.D.)
The Impact and Risk Modeling (iMod) laboratory aims to provide the scientific knowledge for assessing environmental risks and impacts of chemicals and of innovative technologies, in order to:
(1) Model population-based exposure and multi-pathways intake fractions for outdoor and indoor chemical emissions
(2) Assess individual and population body burdens and risks using physiologically based pharmacokinetic/dynamic.. >> more
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Leader: John Meeker (Sc.D., C.I.H.)
There is growing evidence and concern that reproductive and developmental health is impacted by our surrounding environment. Well-designed, hypothesis-based human studies are greatly needed to explore these relationships and inform risk reduction strategies. Exposure assessment is a vital component in environmental epidemiologic studies, yet the details of measuring exposure and the appropriateness.. >> more
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Leader: David H. Garabrant (M.D., M.P.H.)
Professor Garabrant is a physician who has conducted research in occupational and environmental epidemiology for the past 25 years. He is board certified in internal medicine, occupational medicine, and preventive medicine. Since joining the faculty at the University of Michigan in 1988, he has served as Director of the Occupational Medicine Program, Director of the Occupational Health Program, Director.. >> more
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Leader: Jerome Nriagu (Ph.D., D.Sc.)
Prof. Nriagu's research and teaching programs center around three main issues: (i) sources, behavior, fate and effects of metals in the natural and contaminated environments; (ii) environmental justice and disproportionate exposure of communities to environmental pollutants; and (iii) environmental health problems in the developing countries. His work includes applied laboratory and field studies and.. >> more
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Leader: Chuanwu Xi (Ph.D.)
Research in the Xi Lab mainly focuses on biofilms, water quality, and human health. We use molecular and genomic tools to understand molecular mechanisms of persistence and resistance of pathogens in natural, engineered and industrial environments; transmission routes of pathogens from environments to hosts; and their impacts on health of general public and industrial workers. We are particularly interested.. >> more
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Leader: J. Timothy Dvonch (Ph.D.)
Dr. Dvonch's work focuses on the exposure assessment, source identification, and health effects of air pollutants. He obtained a B.S. in Chemistry in 1992. In 1994, he earned an M.S. in Environmental Health Sciences, and subsequently a Ph.D. in Environmental Health Sciences in 1998. Dr. Dvonch collaborates on several large multi-disciplinary projects focused on environmental exposures and their related.. >> more
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Leader: Edward T. Zellers (Ph.D.)
The assessment of human exposure to complex mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals ranks among the most important global environmental health challenges. Our ability to meet evolving needs in this area relies critically on innovations in exposure science and technology. Advances that facilitate accurate, high-resolution measurements are integral to mankind's efforts to unravel the intricate.. >> more
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Leader: Howard Hu (M.D., M.P.H., Sc.D.)
The Mission of the Michigan Metals Epidemiology Research Group (MERG) is to gain new insights into the impacts of exposure to potentially toxic metals that are of critical importance to public health and medicine by applying multi-disciplinary and novel methods of exposure assessment, genetics, nutrition, psychosocial factors and clinical measurements in epidemiologic studies of human populations around.. >> more
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Leader: Rudy Richardson (Sc.D., D.A.B.T.)
The Richardson lab is concerned with understanding mechanisms of neurodegeneration or vascular disease mediated by age, genetics, and exposures to environmental agents. Knowledge gained about mechanisms is used to develop biomarkers or biosensors of exposure or disease and to enhance the process of risk assessment. We focus on examining interactions of small molecules with target proteins using kinetics.. >> more
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Leader: Rita Loch-Caruso (Ph.D.)
The Loch-Caruso Lab is interested in toxicants as potential risks for normal and timely childbirth. Working with cell, tissue and animal experimental models, our work focuses on mechanisms by which environmental chemical exposures modify cellular and physiological processess involved in parturition. Using multip-disciplinary approaches that span molecular biology to human subjects research, current.. >> more
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Leader: Peter Mancuso (Ph.D.)
Peter Mancuso is an interdisciplinary scientist whose research focuses on environmental factors that regulate pulmonary immune responses. He has used cellular, molecular and integrative biology to determine the impact of environmental influences such as obesity, malnutrition, and tobacco smoke exposure on alveolar macrophage and pulmonary innate immune responses to bacterial infection. He is a member.. >> more
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Leader: Niladri Basu (Ph.D.)
The Ecotoxicology Laboratory's research lies at the interface of human, wildlife, and ecosystem health. Our mandate is to better understand how neurotoxic pollutants affect our health by using traditional and innovative techniques. An eco-translational approach is taken whereby exposure-response-susceptibility relationships are studied at multiple tiers of biological organization (test tube - laboratory.. >> more
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